питание
Living OffGrid предлагает различные методы производства продуктов питания..
This does not mean you need to live of your land all the time, but you should have the option to do so if necessary. Feeding a bigger family that way can be a challenge at first. Start small and easy, then scale it up slowly.
Growing
Вы можете выращивать все виды овощей, фрукты, травы, грибы и злаки. Local climate and conditions can be enhanced with greenhouses and watering systems. Что именно вы можете вырастить и что обеспечит разумный урожай, очень зависит от вашего местоположения. Приспосабливаться к местной культуре - это разумный выбор.
Домашний скот
Помимо выращивания пищи, домашний скот является жизнеспособным вариантом.
Они могут варьироваться от “легко и без работы” кролики в “сложный, challenging and many man hours” Cows. Куры, Утки, Гусь, и кролики хороший выбор. Они обеспечивают качественное мясо небольшими порциями, no need to worry about cooling 400kg of steak for the next 3 months. Their upkeep can usually be sourced from your local land. These are rather safe, even to very young children and the slaughtering is not complicated as with larger animals.
Microgreens
Microgreens are vegetable greens usually grown only week or two, untill the stage of cotyledon leaves have developed or first set of true leaves.
They are really easy to grow for even a beginner and require not much. Basically you need some tray/dish with some kind of medium from soil to even just piece of paper and water. Also you need the seeds and light.
Here is a great example of a basic microgreen project.
Хранение продуктов
Многие факторы влияют на срок годности пищи: высокая температура, светлый, влажность, и так далее. Однако самым важным фактором является сама еда. Некоторые продукты просто дольше, чем другие, независимо от условий хранения. If need be food can last up to 30 лет при правильном хранении. Пища, которая герметично запечатана в любой банке, стеклянные банки, or mylar bags with oxygen absorbents have a longer shelf-life than the same foods that are conventionally packaged.
Список продуктов с длительным сроком годности
- Сушеный рис
- Сушеная фасоль
- Сушеные бобы пегой лошади
- Сушеные черные бобы
- Сушеные макароны
- Соль
- Необработанный мед
- сахар
- белый уксус, яблочный уксус
- Кукурузный крахмал
- Я ива
- Чистый ванильный экстракт
- Пищевая сода
- Куриные бульонные кубики и Говяжьи бульонные кубики
- Сырой какао-порошок
- Кукурузный сироп
- Попкорн
- Сухие картофельные хлопья быстрого приготовления
- Овсяная каша
- Чайные пакетики
- Чечевица сушеная
- коричневый сахар
- Сухое сухое молоко
- Быстрорастворимый кофе
Food preservation
Food preservation is about the ways and means which help to preserve food. Food spoils from bacteria if it is not treated. For thousands of years, humans have used methods of preserving food, so that they can store food to eat later. The simplest methods of preserving food, such as drying strips of fish or meat in the hot sun have been used for thousands of years, and they are still used today by indigenous peoples. The other ancient method is to use salt, and often drying and salting are done together.
Food is spoiled because microorganisms change it. There are five basic techniques which make food last longer:
1) Killing the microorganisms, or preventing them from multiplying
2) Contact of microoganisms with food is prevented
3) Certain additives prevent or slow the growth of microoganisms; this is often called curing
Usually several of the techniques are combined.
Methods of preserving food
Common ways of preserving food are:
- Heating the food or baking it (a hard corn-flour biscuit stays edible much longer than a bowl of fresh corn)
- Pasteurization: Louis Pasteur found that simply heating food kills most microorganisms and makes it last longer. Liquids such as milk are commonly pasteurized. Однако, the heating has to be done precisely according to a procedure
- Converting the food into a longer-lasting form (for example, fresh goat’s milk can be converted into cheese or yogurt, which lasts much longer than fresh milk)
- Pickling: putting vegetables, meat, or fish in salty water (brine). Salting the food: Covering it with dry salt
- Putting the food in a jar with alcohol (ethanol) or vinegar, also called pickling
- Putting large amounts of sugar into the food (for example, as with jam or fruit jarred in sugar and water)
- Drying in the sun or in an oven
- Smoking the food with the smoke from burning wood. Usually, this is done to food that was salted first.
- Keeping the food cold or frozen, including freeze-drying
- Adding other preservatives such as sorbates (sorbic acid), sulfites and nitrites.
(1) https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_preservation